Hamadan, nestled in the foothills of the renowned Alvand Mountain at an elevation of 1,850 meters above sea level, boasts a temperate mountainous climate shaped by prevailing winds throughout the year. With its chilly snowy winters and delightful, sunny summers, the city offers a pleasant atmosphere. While the majority of Hamadan's population follows the Muslim faith, its history reveals a diverse past that included Armenians and Jewish communities. The legacy of these groups lives on through their beautiful churches, which have become city landmarks. Ester and His Uncle Mordechai's tomb in the city center also attracts numerous tourists.
Positioned along the Silk Road, Hamadan has historically flourished as a trading hub. Today, the city has transformed into an industrial center dotted with factories. With a history of enduring invasions, declines, and recoveries, Hamadan holds the distinction of being one of Iran's oldest cities. Its ancient roots trace back to 1100 BCE when the Assyrians took control. Around 700 BCE, the city became the capital of the Medes, resulting in the construction of a formidable fortress and palace. This marked the start of Hamadan's continuous growth.
The ancient name of Hamadan, Ecbatana, appears in texts like the biblical book of Ezra. A significant relic, a scroll found in this city, granted Jews permission, by the order of King Darius, to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem. Across the subsequent centuries, Hamadan alternated as the summer residence and capital for Parthian and Sassanid rulers. However, in 642, during the Battle of Nahavand, Arab Muslims took control of the city and gradually expanded their influence across the region.
Like other prominent Persian cities, Hamadan suffered significant destruction following this invasion, taking centuries to regain its former stature. The Seljuk era in the 11th century marked a resurgence when Hamadan was once again chosen as a capital. However, the following century witnessed severe damage due to the Mongol invasion, and the city was entirely razed during the Timurid invasion. Hamadan experienced revival during the Safavid period, only to be invaded yet again by the Ottomans in the 18th century, followed by liberation by Nader Shah.

When to visit?
The ideal time to explore Hamadan and its captivating landmarks is during the spring and summer months when the weather is pleasant and the sun casts its glow.

What to see?
The city offers a wealth of cultural and natural treasures waiting to be discovered. A visit to Hamadan is a journey into Persian history, culture, and the arts—a truly enriching experience.

Hegmataneh Hill Archaeological Site Hegmataneh Hill stands as a captivating archaeological marvel nestled in Hamadan. This site, steeped in history, holds within its layers the remnants of an ancient Median and Achaemenid city, offering a vivid glimpse into the ingenious engineering and rich heritage of Persia.
Ali Sadr Cave Ali Sadr Cave, located 70 kilometers north of Hamadan, stands as a captivating tourist hotspot and ranks among the world's lengthiest subterranean water caves. This awe-inspiring cave, adorned with intricate stalactites, promises an unforgettable experience.
Ganjnameh Nestled near Hamadan, Ganjnameh graces the Alvand mountain's hillside with its precious cuneiform rock carvings, surrounded by breathtaking natural beauty.
Avicenna Mausoleum The Bu Ali Sina Mausoleum, also known as the Avicenna Mausoleum, stands as a captivating complex nestled in the heart of Hamadan. This site serves as a tribute to the renowned and erudite Persian physician, Avicenna, and has become an emblem of the city of Hamadan.
Baba Taher Mausoleum The enchanting Baba Taher Mausoleum stands as a must-visit gem in the heart of Hamadan, offering a glimpse into Persian culture and history.
Tomb of Esther and Mordechai The Tomb of Esther and Mordechai in Hamadan holds great significance as an important Jewish shrine and an active synagogue. This ancient heritage site is not only cherished by the Jewish community but also draws visitors of various faiths.
Jameh Mosque of Hamadan Nestled in the heart of Hamadan, the Jameh Mosque graces the city with its captivating architecture, drawing tourists year-round, especially during the summer season.
Gonbad Alavian , a prominent historic monument in Hamadan, stands as a precious cultural relic, preserving traces of its glorious past.
Shir-e Sangi (Stony Lion) Located in a square within Hamadan city, Shir-e Sangi is an ancient carved statue that has withstood the test of time and witnessed various historical events.
Lalejin: A Pottery Haven Amidst Natural Beauty Situated near Hamadan, Lalejin proudly claims its status as one of the world's largest pottery and ceramic centers. This charming city in the north of Hamadan offers a unique blend of artistry and nature.