Katale Khor Cave, located in the heart of Zanjan Province, is one of Iran’s most spectacular natural attractions. This subterranean wonder invites visitors into the depths of the Earth, where geology, history, and natural beauty intertwine in mesmerizing harmony.
The origins of Katale Khor Cave trace back to the Jurassic period, around 120 million years ago. Over millions of years, powerful geological forces shaped its unique structure. The cave was first discovered in 1951 by a group of Iranian climbers, unveiling a vast underground realm that continues to fascinate researchers and explorers.
Once filled with water, the cave gradually dried as underground rivers receded, leaving behind extraordinary formations of limestone, stalactites, and stalagmites. Archaeological evidence also indicates that parts of the cave served as a shelter for early humans, with skeletal remains still found near its entrance.
Situated about 120 kilometers south of Zanjan, Katale Khor (meaning “Mount of Sun”) is believed to be geologically connected to the world-renowned Ali Sadr Cave in Hamadan. While around 3 kilometers of its passages are open to tourists, an additional 4 kilometers are accessible only to professional cavers.
Inside, visitors encounter a stunning labyrinth of natural sculptures:
Stalactites and stalagmites form breathtaking shapes.
Massive limestone columns were created where stalactites and stalagmites have joined over millennia.
Ancient fossils embedded in the walls offer a glimpse into prehistoric life.
The cave maintains a cool temperature year-round, making warm clothing advisable even in summer. Wildlife is scarce, with bats being the primary inhabitants due to the lack of light and food sources.
Katale Khor Cave is open daily from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Spring is considered the best season for visiting, offering mild weather and comfortable conditions for exploring this underground marvel.
A trip to Katale Khor provides not just a geological adventure, but also a journey through millions of years of Earth’s history, making it one of the must-see attractions in Zanjan Province.
For more details on Katale Khor Cave and its geological significance, you can read an article on Tehran Times.
Katale Khor Cave is described as a “subterranean masterpiece,” highlighting its significance as one of Iran’s most unique natural wonders.
